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第十四课: 她买了不少衣服 She has bought quite a few clothes
课文 1： 在宿舍 In the dorm
| Chinese | English | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| A: 昨天上午你去哪儿了? | A: Where did you go yesterday morning? | |
| B: 我去商店买东西了。 | B: I went shopping. | |
| A: 你买什么了? | A: What did you buy? | |
| B: 我买了一点儿苹果。 | B: I bought some apples. |
New Words 1
| No. | Word | Pinyin | POS | Meaning | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 东西 | dōngxi | n. | thing, stuff | |
| 2 | 一点儿 | yìdiǎnr | num.-m. | a few, a little | |
| 3 | 苹果 | píngguǒ | n. | apple |
课文 2： 在公司 In the company
| Chinese | English | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| A: 你看见张先生了吗? | A: Have you seen Mr. Zhang? | |
| B: 看见了, 他去学开车了。 | B: Yes. He has gone to a driving lesson. | |
| A: 他什么时候能回来? | A: When can he come back? | |
| B: 40 分钟后回来。 | B: After 40 minutes. |
New Words 2
| No. | Word | Pinyin | POS | Meaning | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | 看见 | kànjiàn | v. | to see | |
| 5 | 先生 | xiānsheng | n. | Mr., sir | |
| 6 | 开 | kāi | v. | to drive | |
| 7 | 车 | chē | n. | car, vehicle | |
| 8 | 回来 | huílai | v. | to come back | |
| 9 | 分钟 | fēnzhōng | n. | minute | |
| 10 | 后 | hòu | n. | after, afterwards, later |
Proper Noun
| No. | Word | Pinyin | Type | Meaning | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 张 | Zhāng | surname | a Chinese family name |
课文 3： 在商店门口 Outside a store
| Chinese | English | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| A: 王方的衣服太漂亮了! | A: Wang Fang’s dress is so pretty! | |
| B: 是啊, 她买了不少衣服。 | B: Yes. She has bought quite a few clothes. | |
| A: 你买什么了? | A: What did you buy? | |
| B: 我没买, 这些都是王方的东西。 | B: I bought nothing. All these are Wang Fang’s stuff. |
New Words 3
| No. | Word | Pinyin | POS | Meaning | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11 | 衣服 | yīfu | n. | clothes | |
| 12 | 漂亮 | piàoliang | adj. | beautiful, pretty | |
| 13 | 啊 | a | part. | a modal particle used at the end of a sentence as a sign of confirmation or defense | |
| 14 | 少 | shǎo | adj. | little, few | |
| 不少 | bùshǎo | adj. | quite a few, many | ||
| 15 | 这些 | zhèxiē | pron. | these | |
| 16 | 都 | dōu | adv. | both, all |
Notes
注释 Notes
1. “了”表发生或完成 “了” Indicating Occurrence or Completion
“了”用于句尾。例如:
“了” can be used at the end of a sentence. For example:
| Subject | Predicate | 了 |
|---|---|---|
| 我 | 去商店 | 了。 |
| 他 | 去学开车 | 了。 |
| 你 | 买什么 | 了? |
“了”用于动词后带宾语。动词后的宾语前面一般要有定语，如数量词或形容词、代词等。例如:
“了” can also be used between a verb and its object. There is usually a modifier before the object of the verb, such as a numeral classifier, an adjective or a pronoun, etc. For example:
| Subject | Predicate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Verb | 了 | Number-Measure Word / Adjective / Pronoun | Object | |
| 我 | 买 | 了 | 一点儿 | 苹果。 |
| 我 | 买 | 了 | 不少 | 衣服。 |
| 你 | 看见 | 了 | 几个 | 人? |
上述两种用法的“了”的否定形式是: 没 + 动词 (+ 宾语), “了”要去掉。例如：
The negative form of “了” in both cases above is “没 + verb + (object)”. In the negative form, “了” should be omitted. For example:
| Subject | 没 | Predicate |
|---|---|---|
| 她 | 没 | 去商店。 |
| 我 | 没 | 买。 |
| 我 | 没 | 看见张先生。 |
2. 名词“后” The Noun“后”
名词“ 后”表示现在或者所说的某个时间以后的时间。例如:
The noun “后” indicates a period after the present time or the time being mentioned.
For example:
(1)五点后
40分钟后
星期三后
(2)A:你几点去工作?
B:八点后。
(3)A:你什么时候回家?
B:五点后。
4)A:他什么时候能回来?
B:40分钟后回来。
3.语气助词“啊” The Modal Particle “啊”
语气词“啊”用在陈述句末,使句子带上一层感情色彩。“啊”常受到 前一字尾音的影响而发生不同的变音,书面上有时按变音写成不同的字。
The modal particle “啊” is used at the end of a declarative sentence to set the mood. The pronunciation of “啊” varies with the finals of he syllables before it, and in written Chinese, the variants are represented by different characters sometimes.
(1)A:你是王小姐吗?
B:是啊。
(2)A:你想去吃中国菜吗?
B:好啊。
(3)A:王方的衣服太漂亮了!
B:是啊,她买了不少衣服。
4. 副词“都”The Adverb “都”
“都”表示总括全部,所总括的对象必须放在“都”的前面。例如:
“都” means “both/all”. The people or objects included are put before “都”. For example:
(1)我们都是中国人。
(2)他们都喜欢喝茶。
(3)这些都是王方的东西。